There are other highly influential scholars who simply havent been cited and talked about as much in the last 10 years, whereas some new faces have been making a splash in the news, speaking events, and publishing, publishing, publishing. Perhaps best known are CAPTCHAs (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart), the ubiquitous challenge-response quizzes that appear on web pages when users access or sign up for content. For . For fun, Thompson wrote the code for an early video game he named Space Travel, which ran on Multics. That same year, John von Neumann describes what later comes to be known as the von Neumann architecture, in which the program and data are both stored in the same space in memory; von Neumann architecture is a large advance beyond previous operating system architectures. Berners-Lee won the A.M. Turing Award in 2016. Tarjan is currently James S. McDonnell Distinguished University Professor in the Department of Computer Science at Princeton University, as well as Chief Scientist at Intertrust Technologies Corporation. He is currently Adjunct Professor with the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab (CSAIL) at MIT. She received a bachelor's degree in computer science and mathematics from Carnegie Mellon University, and a master's and Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. In 1986, he published a description of using backpropagation to train neural networks on data, and this technique has become a lynchpin for all neural network successes to date. Her former students include notable computer scientists Ben Tasker, Suchi Saria, and Eran Segal. After graduation, Berners-Lee worked as an engineer in private industry, at first in telecommunications. Turing, truly, was the father of computer science. Answer (1 of 2): Best in what way? He earned a B.A. Theoretical requirements on physical implementations, DiVicenzo criteria. [1] This paperpublished internally by IBM while was she was working on an experimental compiler for the companys Advanced Computing System (ACS-1) projectlaid the conceptual basis for systematic evaluation and improvement of computer programs. While at MIT, she taught herself Lisp. It was there that he conceived the idea for Java, while working on a program to interface between a PERQ workstation and a VAX assembler owned by the company. Later on, Feigenbaum developed a number of other expert systems, which were essentially refinements of DENDRALnotably MYCIN, which helped doctors isolate the bacterial pathogens for various infectious diseases. Wirth was born in Winterthur, a town near Zurich, in Switzerland, in 1934. They then set to work on building such computerswork which continued well into the 1950s. Hennessy was born in Huntington, New York, in 1952. Leslie Lamport, How to Make a Multiprocessor Computer That Correctly Executes Multiprocess Programs [PDF], Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Transactions on Computers, 1979, 28: 690691. Knuth is currently Professor Emeritus of the Art of Computer Programming at Stanford University. ! He is a pioneer in the development of VLSI theory, having worked on retiming methods of digital optimization and systolic arrays. After that, working with David DeWitt and others, Stonebraker helped develop an open-source DBMS called SciDB, which was especially designed for scientific research applications. W.K. Rabin won the A.M. Turing Award in 1976. He is currently Institute Professor with the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. He is also the co-author (with Gilles Brassard, in 1984) of the BB84, or quantum key distribution, quantum cryptography protocol. Analysis of the ordering of tasks (logical clocks), Definition of a consistent global state (snapshot) of an asynchronous system (the Chandy-Lamport algorithm, in collaboration with K.M. Scott took his degree in 1958. He received in Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1983 from the University of Pennsylvania. Wootters and W.H. Wootters was probably born around 1951, given that he obtained his bachelors degree in 1973 from Stanford University. More specifically, he used the minimax theoremone of the foundations of game theory originated by John von Neumann in 1928to prove what is now known as Yaos principle. For example, building on work by Rolf Landauer, in 1972 Bennett showed that general-purpose computation can be performed by a logically and thermodynamically reversible device. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics in 1972 from Brandeis University. He is also respected as a cryptographer, and writes on issues of personal privacy arising from society's ever changing relationship with new technology. His theoretical work turned out to have very extensive concrete applications, yielding theorems such as the compression theorem, the gap theorem, and the Blum speedup theorem. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY TIMOTHY J. BERNERS-LEE ON AMAZON, Computational Complexity Theory, Blum-Goldwasser cryptography, CAPTCHA. He received his bachelors degree in civil engineering in 1958 from the University of Madras (now Chennai), and his masters degree in technology in 1960 from the University of New South Wales in Australia. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY MANUEL BLUM ON AMAZON. He won the A.M. Turing Award in 2013. In 1984, Schneier earned his bachelor's degree in physics from the University of Rochester in New York. Hunt III, Stearns proved important theorems concerning reduction principles for finding simpler adequate models of highly complex real-world systems, as well as sum-of-products problems viewed algebraically, which extend the structure tree concept to quantified formulas. Areas of Specialization: Computer Systems, Sensor-Driven and Location-Aware Computing, Computer Technology and Sustainability Hopper is professor of computer technology at University of Cambridge in England. He received his Ph.D. in computer engineering in 1971 from the University of Michigan. While at Case, he reprogrammed the universitys IBM 650 mainframe computer because he believed he could do it better. A bit laterduring the mid- to late 1980sand working in collaboration with Ronald Rivest, Adi Shamir, Silvio Micali (for all three, see below), and others, Goldwasser developed a completely new type of encryption system based on random number generation. Stearns was born in Caldwell, New Jersey, in 1936. Before UT, he was a professor of computer science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (top 14%) Impact Factor. Discover the history of influential computer scientists: Why Every College Student Should Learn Coding, Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing, Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy, Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies, Georgia Institute of Technology School of Computational Science & Engineering, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies, Kristian Kersting, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, Barbara Liskov, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Gunther Schmidt, Universitt der Bundeswehr Mnchen, Manuela M. Veloso, Carnegie Mellon University. 15. Computer science draws some . Stearns is known for his contributions to several different fields of mathematics underlying the theory of computation, including automata theory, the analysis of algorithms, and game theory. In 1982 he advanced a new refutation of Maxwells demon based on the thermodynamic cost of destroying information (namely, erasing a Turing machines tape). He has also made significant contributions to visual cryptography. Apply to Researcher, Assistant Professor, Research Scientist and more! Feigenbaum is currently Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Stanford Universitys Knowledge Systems Laboratory, which he founded. Building on work by Robert W. Floyd, he also developed Hoare logic, which is a means of rigorously checking the correctness of an imperative-structured program by applying a set of axioms and inference rules. When the Multics project was eventually shelved, Thompson and Ritchie began developing a new operating system with many innovative characteristics, including a hierarchical file system, a command-line interpreter, device files, and ancillary utility programs. Alan Turing. He was the youngest professor ever hired by MIT when he joined them in 2001, becoming a full professor a decade later in 2011. He earned his Ph.D. in physics in 1980 from the University of Texas at Austin, writing his dissertation on quantum information theory. Seymour Papert and Cynthia Solomon, Twenty Things to Do with a Computer [PDF], Artificial Intelligence Lab Memo Number 248. Hellman was born in New York City in 1945. Not bad. For the most part, Lamports work has been highly theoretical in nature. What Jobs Can I Get with an Online Bachelors Degree in Cybersecurity? At Google and the University of Toronto, Hinton focuses on Deep Learning systems, a type of neural networks that involves stacking multiple networks together to create powerful results, like learning to recognize faces and other objects in online photos. He then returned to school, obtaining his master's degree and his PhD, both in computer science and both from UCLA, in 1970 and 1972, respectively. This is a list of computer scientists, people who do work in computer science, in particular researchers and authors.. Radia J. Perlman (see above) later joined this group. Chandy), Various theorems on stability and fault tolerance (e.g., the Byzantine Generals problem), Scalable physical system with well-characterized qubits, Ability to reliably initialize the state of the qubits to a simple standard state, Decoherence times much longer than the gate-operation time, 2022 TheBestSchools.org, a Red Ventures Company. For people born in the twenty-first century, this history may seem completely unsurprising. Computer scientists: We wouldn't be able to control super intelligent machines: New findings from theoretical computer science. David Deutsch, Quantum Theory, the Church-Turing Principle and the Universal Quantum Computer [PDF], Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 1985, 400: 97117. His birth name is Yao Chi-Chih (Wade-Giles romanization) or Yao Qi-zhi (Pinyin). And, of course, beyond these expected applications, there is also the sheer joy of discovery which lies at the heart of fundamental research in all of the natural sciences. Blum was born in Caracas, Venezuela, in 1938. He received in Ph.D. in computer science in 1976 from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Yao won the A.M. Turing Award in 2000. 58. He earned a B.Sc. List of famous computer scientists, with photos, bios, and other information when available. More Info Syllabus Readings Lecture Notes Assignments Download. ALGOLthe direct ancestor of Pascal and Cwas the first imperative-structured programming language, which most experts considered a major advance over competing languages of the time such as FORTRAN and COBOL. Yao was born in Shanghai, China, in 1946. Quantum computation is still in the very early stages of development. Leslie Lamport, Robert Shostak, and Marshall Pease, The Byzantine Generals Problem [PDF], ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, 1982, 4: 382401. Areas of Specialization: Computational Cryptography Shamir is a cryptographer and professor of computer science at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. [5] Their idea laid the groundwork for all subsequent asymmetric-key algorithms, which remain the basis for the encryption of the vast majority of commercial transactions conducted over the Internet to this day. In fact, a degree in computer science is among the Best Degrees for Working from Home. Bill Gates and Paul Allen found the Microsoft Corporation. He is currently Barclay Jermain Professor of Natural Philosophy, Emeritus, in the Physics Department at Williams College. He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 2003. In 1984, Gosling joined Sun Microsystems. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY SHAFRIRA (SHAFI) GOLDWASSER ON AMAZON. 208,870. citations. Hopper's research focuses on computer networks. Who are the top computer scientists in the world? Areas of Specialization: Computational Complexity Theory Manuel Blum is the Bruce Nelson Professor of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University. in computer science and mathematics from Yale University and Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University. Almost everybody nowadays uses this technology in at least some of its myriad forms. In the former, Rabinin collaboration with Dana S. Scott (see belowintroduced the notion of nondeterministic finite automata as a superior approach to determining whether a given algorithm can be solved effectivelythat is, is solvable in polynomial time by a nondeterministic Turing machine (in other words, belongs to complexity class NP). It is also understandably complex. McCarthy introduces the idea of computer time-sharing. Basically, he proved the existence of programs (algorithms) that are reducible to NP-complete form, meaning they are efficient in the sense that they are tractable or feasible in terms of the time (and thus resources and expense) they require to reach a solution. [19] In addition to his pioneering work on quantum computing, Benioff has also made significant contributions to mathematics and theoretical physics more generally, notably in his research on the effects of number scaling and local mathematics on physics and geometry. He received his Ph.D. in computer science in 1977 from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel. The people on this list are from different countries, but what they all have in common is that they're all renowned computer scientists. Considering a degree in computer science? Among his signal accomplishments have been early efforts to control robots via voice commands, as well as the introduction of very large and unrestricted vocabularies in connection with speech recognition. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY NIKLAUS E. WIRTH ON AMAZON, Computational complexity theory, Analysis of algorithms, Yaos principle, Cryptography. Perlman was born in Portsmouth, Virginia, in 1951, but grew up near Asbury Park, New Jersey. 4,377. citing . Hector has won numerous awards, including Best in Class Autonomy and 1st place in the World Robot Summit's Plant Disaster Prevention Challenge. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY LINUS TORVALDS ON AMAZON, Computation complexity theory, Automata theory, Machine learning. Among the hacker community, this text is referred to as the "Wizard Book". He is also a member of the advisory board of SafeLogic Inc. Diffie is best known for the work he did with Hellman at Stanford. At MIT, she also developed Argus, which was the first high-level language to support implementation of distributed programs and incorporate promise pipelining, as well as Thor, an object-oriented database system. While ZipRecruiter is seeing annual salaries as high as $157,500 and as . He obtained his Ph.D. in computer science in 1969 from the University of Utah. It has been estimated that more than nine million developers world-wide use the language on a regular basis. She has been in high demand during her impressive career in computer science, serving as chief scientist and co-founder of thr Israeli company Duality Technologies using cryptographic methods for data security, and has served as an advisor to a number of successful ventures, including companies focusing on blockchain technology, which has become hugely popular in recent years. Blum developed an original axiomatic approach to computational complexity theory in the 1960s, as opposed to the machine-computability methods that had been used up to that point. Is an Online Bachelors Degree in Cybersecurity Worth It? Professor of Computer Science Emeritus with the John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University. Brooks is currently Kenan Professor of Computer Science at UNC-Chapel Hill. Leslie Lamport, Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events in a Distributed System [PDF], Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 1978, 21: 558565. With a degree in any of these fields under your belt, the skys the limit! What Jobs Can I Get with an Online Masters Degree in Cybersecurity. In particular, he has concentrated on perceptual and motor aspects of AI such as speech, language, and vision, and their applications to human-computer interface and robotics. [14] As to the latter, Rabin invented the Miller-Rabin primality test (arrived at independently by Gary L. Miller), a randomized algorithm that can determine very quickly (albeit with a small probability of error) whether a given number is prime. Emerson received the A.M. Turing Award in 2007. Dynabook was the very first compact, mobile computer, and it also incorporated the first windowing graphical user interface (GUI) for interacting with the software program, as opposed to the earlier command line interface. After leaving BBN, Solomon co-founded Logo Computer Systems, Inc., where she served as Vice President for Research and Development during the time when the company was designing the famous Apple Computer Company logo. Turing was highly influential in, Marissa Ann Mayer (; born May 30, 1975) is an American information technology executive, and co-founder of Lumi Labs. On the underground movement of (pirated) theory text sharing 2009 # Scanners, collectors and aggregators. Lampson received the A.M. Turing Award in 1992. It has application to what are known as "approximation results" in a variety of fields in disciplines seeking mathematical description and rigor. However, she remained in close touch with her former MIT colleagues, and subsequently became heavily involved in the development, along with Seymour Papert, of the Logo programming language for small mobile robots known as turtles, aimed at teaching computational and other skills to young children. He has earned a B.A. However, the ground-breaking papers of Gdel, Turing, Church, and Post from the mid-1930s seemed like the logical place to begin. However, he undoubtedly remains best known for his earlier work in computational complexity theory, especially as applied to the analysis of randomized algorithms, and hence to pseudo-random number generation and cryptography. She is currently Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT, as well as Professor of Mathematical Sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel. Goldwasser's impressive career spans many areas in computer science, including computational complexity theory, cryptography, and number theory. Valiant was born in Budapest, Hungary, in 1949. She has directed her focus on computer vision as well as computational biology toward the development of applications and systems that can help in decision making and diagnosis in medical and other industries. He is currently Distinguished Professor of Computer Science and holds the Henry Salvatori Chair in Computer Science in the Viterbi School of Engineering at the University of Southern California. His much read article "The Limits of Quantum Computers," appeared in Scientific American in 2008. In the latter capacity, he and his team were responsible for designing and testing the overall operating system architecture, including system board, memory cards, and IBMs version of the industry standard architecture (ISA) system bus. Bennett is known for a number of seminal ideas in classical algorithmic information theory and physics, in addition to his more recent work in quantum computation. maybe the topic was too ambiguous. He also became a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) the same year. She went on to make many more discoveries, including zero-knowledge protocols, interactive proofs, and several others. Google's Terms of Service apply. He has held teaching appointments at the University of California, San Diego and the Universidade Estadual de Campinas in Brazil. However, his most important contribution (in collaboration with Eli Biham) has probably been his discovery of the technique known as differential cryptanalysis, a general method for attacking block ciphers by analyzing how differences in information input can affect differences in output. During the 1970s, Benioff began to research the physical feasibility of building quantum computers, developing work begun by Charles H. Bennett (see below) a few years earlier. Though the feverish pace of pioneering technological innovation has slowed over the past decade or so, the reliability, accessibility, and affordability of the new technologies have continued to increase by orders of magnitude. In 2016, Berners-Lee received the prestigious Turing Award for "for inventing the World Wide Web, the first web browser, and the fundamental protocols and algorithms allowing the Web to scale." Visit Our Computer Science Page, where youll find the best computer science colleges and universities, career information, interviews with top computer scientists, influential scholars in the field of computer science, great books, a history of the discipline, online computer science degrees, and more. She attended Brooklyn College, where she studied mathematics. This principle says that the expected cost of a randomized algorithm on the worst-case input is no better than a worst-case random probability distribution of the deterministic algorithm which performs best for that distribution. As to the latter (i.e., data structures), he developed both the Fibonacci heap (a data structure for priority queue operations, consisting of a collection of heap-ordered trees) and, in collaboration with Daniel Sleator, the splay tree (a self-adjusting, binary search tree). Koller's work focuses on probabilistic reasoning, representation, and inference with graphical models like Bayes Nets. Bostrom is best known for his work on superintelligence, human enhancement ethics, the anthropic principle and existential risk. Notably, he is the originator of the seminal idea, first published in 1971, of NP-completeness (the NP stands for nondeterministic polynomial time). After receiving his undergraduate education in electrical engineering from the Technical University of Athens, he obtained his Ph.D. in mathematics in 1974 (with Habilitation in 1979) from the University of Grenoble in France. Our AI is time sensitive. In 1988, he co-edited a volume of essays with Anatoly Gromyko (not to be confused with long-time Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, his father), in which distinguished American and Soviet scholars and statesmen discussed the possibilities of bolstering security and mutual trust between the two superpowers. He currently holds the title of Distinguished Engineer with Amazon Web Services. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY LESLIE LAMPORT ON AMAZON, Network design, Time-sharing systems, SDS 940, Alto. Berners-Lee began his career as an engineer for a telecommunications company in England, and later worked as a researcher at CERN in Geneva. This includes the most prominent computer scientists, living and dead, both in America and abroad. Corbat was born in Oakland, California, in 1926. Allen was born in the town of Peru, in upstate New York, in 1932. Her success at Mills led her to Carnegie Mellon University, where she became a Distinguished Career Professor of Computer Science at CMU in 1999. Wirth is best known for inventing Pascal, the influential programming language he invented in the late 1960s, as well as its descendants Modula and Modula-2. In computational number theory, she is credited with the co-discovery of a test that uses elliptic curves to determine whether an arbitrary input number is primean interesting pure-mathematical result, which in addition has important cryptographic implications. Holevo is best known for his work on the statistical foundations of quantum theory, in general, and quantum computation, in particular. He is currently Paul and Marlene Borman Professor of Applied Mathematics in the Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Perlman is currently a Fellow with the Dell EMC corporation. So, here are half a dozenthough, naturally many others might also be mentioned. In what follows, well look at the most influential people in the field of computer science today. Adleman is best known for his contribution, together with Ronald L. Rivest and Adi Shamir (for both of whom, see below), to the RSA algorithm, which was one of the first public-key cryptosystems, and which remains in wide use to this day for the encryption of data transmission. [13] While at PARC, Lampson continued worked on a large number of other revolutionary technologies, such as Bravo (the first WYSIWYG text formatting program), two-phase commit protocols, laser printer design, and Ethernet (the first high-speed local area network [LAN]). The spot in the ranking is based on a novel bibliometric score devised by Research.com which is computed by means of the estimated . [Guest post by Anna Gilbert, who is co-organizing with Piotr Indyk and Dina Katabi a FOCS 2014 workshop on The Sparse Fourier Transform: Theory and Applications, this Saturday 9am-3:30pm] After reading Boaz's post on Updates from the ICM and in . Pearl is a mathematician and philosopher whose work has had an immense impact on the theoretical disciplines that attempt to model causal reasoning, especially statistical and probabilistic inference. Zurek, A Single Quantum Cannot Be Cloned, Science, 1982, 299: 802803. Khot's work on unique games has proven practically relevant, as it helps illuminate certain problems with, for instance, voting results. in applied mathematics from Tel Aviv University (where he eventually served as president). Ranked in 2022, part of Best Science Schools. 01 Feb 1976 - Theoretical Computer Science. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY FREDERICK P. BROOKS, JR. ON AMAZON. After earning his bachelors degree in mathematics in 1965 from Stanford University, he worked for two years at IBM. On the quantum side, Bennett is perhaps best known for his four laws of quantum information, formulated around 1993, governing the relationships between classical, quantum (superposed), and entangled units of informationor bits, qubits, and ebits, respectively. Theoretical Computer Science is mathematical and abstract in spirit, but it derives its motivation from practical and everyday computation. Whitfield Diffie and Martin E. Hellman, New Directions in Cryptography [PDF], IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 1976, 22(6): 644654. On the former project, he led the design and testing of the PC Color Graphic Adapteressentially the same type of color monitor that is still in use today. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY WILLIAM K. WOOTTERS ON AMAZON. In the process, he popularized asymptotic notation, which is used to classify algorithms according to how their running time or memory requirements grow as a function of the input size. Published on 09 Sep 2022. Award. RISC was an important innovation in operating system architecture that allowed computers to attain faster speedsin relation to the earlier Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)by reducing the number of cycles per instruction (CPI). Areas of Specialization: Distributed Algorithms, Formal Modeling Nancy Lynch is the head of the Theory of Distributed Systems research group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, a mathematician, theorist and NEC Professor of Software Science and Engineering. And now for the main event. But modern computing started with the groundbreaking work of British mathematician and code-breaker Alan Turing. He is currently a Distinguished Engineer with Google, Inc. At Bell Labs in the late 1960s, Thompson and co-worker Dennis M. Ritchie began working on an operating system called Multics. [8] The year after that (1973), in collaboration with John E. Hopcroft (see above), Karp developed the HopcroftKarp algorithm, which to this day remains the fastest known method for finding maximum cardinality matchings in bipartite graphs. Quantum information theory, No-cloning theorem, Quantum teleportation, Quantum cryptography. He received his bachelors degree in mathematics in 1954 from the University of California, Berkeley, where he worked with the great Polish logician Alfred Tarski. However, he remains actively engaged in perfecting the Oberon operating system and language, originally developed in 1988. He is currently Chairman, CEO, and President of the Corporation for National Research Initiatives (CNRI), which he founded in 1986. of what a Web page is, and how the Web was intended to link together, or "work." In 1973 he published the theorem that has come to be named after him (also known as Holevos bound), which established an upper bound on the amount of classical information that can be extracted from a given ensemble of quantum states. Featured or trusted partner programs and all school search, finder, or match results are for schools that compensate us. Selected Books|FIND BOOKS BY MARTIN E. HELLMAN ON AMAZON, Automated design procedures for operating systems and microprocessors, RISC, FLASH multiprocessor. 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