Armenia was annexed by the Red Army and along with Georgia and Azerbaijan, was incorporated into the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics as part of the Transcaucasian SFSR (TSFSR) on 4 March 1922. Armenia and Cyprus are politically considered part of the European countries however due to their . [231], Armenia is also home to a Russian community of Molokans which practice a form of Spiritual Christianity originated from the Russian Orthodox Church. Namus was the first Armenian silent black-and-white film, directed by Hamo Beknazarian in 1925, based on a play of Alexander Shirvanzade, describing the ill fate of two lovers, who were engaged by their families to each other since childhood, but because of violations of namus (a tradition of honor), the girl was married by her father to another person. Becoming a prime location for scientific specialization in the European Research Area. Nevertheless, the government was able to make wide-ranging economic reforms that paid off in dramatically lower inflation and steady growth. Basic research promoting essential applied research. Description: This map shows where Armenia is located on the Europe map. The Commander-in-Chief of the military is the Prime Minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan. [244] Armenia's press freedom rose considerably following the 2018 Velvet Revolution. Certain Armenians settled to sing non-Armenian tunes such as the heavy metal band System of a Down (which nonetheless often incorporates traditional Armenian instrumentals and styling into their songs) or pop star Cher. The Armenian Premier League is the highest level football competition in Armenia, and has been dominated by FC Pyunik in recent seasons. This in-depth review of Armenia was conducted under the auspices of the EU4Energy programme, which is being implemented by the IEA and the European Union, along with the . Armenia's economy has shown resilience to recent shocks thanks largely to prudent macroeconomic management - a flexible exchange rate, active inflation targeting regime, effective fiscal rule - and a . Is Armenia In Eu? In between publishing the Strategy and Action Plan, the government issued a resolution in May 2010 on Science and Technology Development Priorities for 20102014. 2011 censusSources: Area and population of provinces. [16] Armenia lies between latitudes 38 and 42 N, and meridians 43 and 47 E. It contains two terrestrial ecoregions: Caucasus mixed forests and Eastern Anatolian montane steppe. The Mongolian invasions were soon followed by those of other Central Asian tribes, such as the Kara Koyunlu, Timurid dynasty and A Qoyunlu, which continued from the 13th century until the 15th century. Being a landlocked country, water sports can only be practised on lakes, notably Lake Sevan. The average elevation is 5,900 feet (1,800 metres) above sea level. Armenia is named Hayastan which means "Land of Hayk A former republic of the Soviet Union, Armenia is a unitary, multiparty, democratic nation-state with an ancient and historic cultural heritage. Winter sports enthusiasts enjoy skiing down the hills of Tsakhkadzor, located thirty minutes outside Yerevan. Armenia scored 4.79 on The Economist Intelligence Unit Democracy Index published in January 2019 (data for 2018). 483. [109] Several thousand were killed in the later 2020 Karabakh war. Text taken from UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030, 32426, UNESCO, UNESCO Publishing. In time, several areas of the Bagratid Armenia separated as independent kingdoms and principalities such as the Kingdom of Vaspurakan ruled by the House of Artsruni in the south, Kingdom of Syunik in the east, or Kingdom of Artsakh on the territory of modern Nagorno-Karabakh, while still recognising the supremacy of the Bagratid kings. The new government in Istanbul began to look on the Armenians with distrust and suspicion because the Imperial Russian Army contained a contingent of Armenian volunteers. These events are traditionally commemorated yearly on 24 April, the Armenian Martyr Day, or the Day of the Armenian genocide.[94]. Video, Jeremy Bowen on reporting from Ukraine's frontline, Trump drops strong hint about 2024 White House run, UK faces record two-year recession, Bank warns, Why Scholz's trip to China looks out of step for EU. Armenian cuisine is closely related to eastern and Mediterranean cuisine; various spices, vegetables, fish, and fruits combine to present unique dishes. [147] The Armenian President had made multiple public announcements, both in Armenia and abroad, that, as the leader of the political majority of Armenia, he assured the parliamentary ratification of the protocols if Turkey also ratified them. The Armenian Highlands consists today of Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey, Syria, and Iraq. [180], In 2022, Armenia's GDP stood at $39.4 billion, and enjoyed an economic freedom index of 65.3, according to Heritage Organisation. However, history shows that many empires coveted the strategic location offered by Armenia in linking Europe and Asia. Because of the illicit border blockades by Azerbaijan and Turkey, Armenia continues to maintain solid relations with its southern neighbour Iran, especially in the economic sector. Armenia covers an area of 29,743 sq. A waste processing plant is scheduled for construction near Hrazdan city, which will allow for closure of 10 waste dumps. A landlocked country with Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, and Azerbaijan to the east, Armenia boasts a history longer than most European countries. The national team is controlled by the Football Federation of Armenia. I hear no news, forget it when listing European countries and have not learned facts about it in school. The apricot is the national fruit. [174] This increase in the importance of agriculture was attributable to food security needs of the population in the face of uncertainty during the first phases of transition and the collapse of the non-agricultural sectors of the economy in the early 1990s. Armenia country profile. The land rises to 4,090 metres (13,419 feet) above sea level at Mount Aragats, and no point is below 390 metres (1,280ft) above sea level. While Western Armenia still remained under Ottoman rule, the Armenians were granted considerable autonomy within their own enclaves and lived in relative harmony with other groups in the empire (including the ruling Turks). In the 1813 Treaty of Gulistan and the 1828 Treaty of Turkmenchay, following the Russo-Persian War (180413) and the Russo-Persian War (182628), respectively, the Qajar dynasty of Iran was forced to irrevocably cede Eastern Armenia, consisting of the Erivan and Karabakh Khanates, to Imperial Russia. In Armenia, before sending the protocols to the parliament, it was sent to the Constitutional Court to have their constitutionality to be approved. The Eurovision Song Contest is more popular than ever, but the increasingly high costs of staging the event risk leaving smaller, poorer countries unable to pay the entrance fee. Autumns are known for their vibrant and colourful foliage. The rebuilding of the regional schools was financed by the Armenian government. Small deposits of coal, gas, and petroleum exist but have not yet been developed. [30] The further origin of the name is uncertain. Officially known as the Republic of Armenia, Armenia is a state that is located in Eurasias South Caucasus region. [177] In 2016 Armenia used 1.9 global hectares of biocapacity per persontheir ecological footprint of consumption. . The Office is the focal point for WHO activities in Armenia. Improve the management system for science and technology and create the requisite conditions for sustainable development; Involve more young, talented people in education and research, while upgrading research infrastructure; Create the requisite conditions for the development of an integrated national innovation system; and. : Independent Armenia far below the glory of Soviet times on the pitch, mat", "Mkhitaryan scores hat-trick, dedicates the victory to Armenians", "After the Revolution: State, Civil Society, and Democratization in Armenia and Georgia", "Concern about judicial harassment of Armenia's media", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Armenia&oldid=1118508850. However, more adults (50%) think that English should be taught in public secondary schools than those who prefer Russian (44%). The Ministry of Education and Science is responsible for regulation of the sector. A liberal foreign investment law was approved in June 1994, and a law on privatization was adopted in 1997, as well as a program of state property privatization. Armenia is situated at a cultural, historical, and religious intersection and located at the crossroads between Europe and Asia, in the southern Transcaucasus. A fact-finding mission of comprising Members of the European Parliament (MEP) will be in Armenia from Monday to Friday, the headquarters of the Armenian National Committee informs Armenian . The situation was difficult for the church, which struggled with secular policies of USSR. Europe. On 24 April 1915, Armenian intellectuals were arrested by Ottoman authorities and, with the Tehcir Law (29 May 1915), eventually a large proportion of Armenians living in Anatolia perished in what has become known as the Armenian genocide. Now located in Turkey, but clearly visible from Armenia, it is regarded by the Armenians as a symbol of their land. Read about our approach to external linking. Yazidis make up 1.2%, and Russians 0.4%. Licensed under CC BY-SA IGO 3.0. Yerevan is the capital and largest city of Armenia. It is also the political, cultural and economic center of Armenia. By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced. 2018: Early Indo-European languages, Anatolian, Tocharian and Indo-Iranian", "Charles, R.H. (1913). Below is a list of what are considered 15 of the most dangerous cities in Europe. Examples are Synopsys Inc. and the Enterprise Incubator Foundation. The Armenian Evangelical Church has several thousand members throughout the country. As it is pretty much on a transit zone between Europe and Asia, Armenia struggles to define itself on which part it belongs to. [190] In 1989, some 58% of Armenians over age fifteen had completed their secondary education, and 14% had a higher education. They are located in the Caucasus region, and considered transcontinental countries. Armenia is also a member of certain regional groups throughout Eurasia, including the Asian Development Bank, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Eurasian Union, and the Eurasian Development Bank. In 1920, Turkish nationalist forces invaded the fledgling Armenian republic from the east. In 1994 a Russian-brokered ceasefire but no peace deal is reached and intermittent fighting continues. Evening breezes blowing down the mountains provide a welcome refreshing and cooling effect. The latter group, the Armenian Catholic Church, is headquartered in Bzoummar, Lebanon. Cilicia was a strong ally of the European Crusaders, and saw itself as a bastion of Christendom in the East. However, the government opted not to finalize the agreement, and instead joined the Eurasian Economic Union. These include partially recognized countries that have a code, like Kosovo, and border countries, like Turkey and Armenia. It is situated at the juncture of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. In 2018 existing nuclear plant is scheduled for modernization to enhance its safety and increase power production by about 10%.[135][136]. Surface: 29.743 km 2. The exonym Armenia is attested in the Old Persian Behistun Inscription (515 BC) as Armina (). Acting Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan was officially appointed to the post of prime minister by Armenia's President Armen Sarkissian. Armenia (officially, the Republic of Armenia) is divided into 11 provinces (marzer, sing. [245], As of 2020, the biggest issue facing press freedom in Armenia is judicial harassment of journalists, specifically defamation suits and attacks on journalists' right to protect sources,[246] as well as excessive responses to combat disinformation spread by social media users. The GDP fell nearly 60% between 1989 and 1993, but then resumed robust growth after the power plant was reopened in 1995. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2022 worldatlas.com. During the late 6th century BC, the first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighbouring populations was established under the Orontid Dynasty within the Achaemenid Empire, as part of the latters' territories. After independence from the. [137], The Fragile States Index since its first report in 2006 until most recent in 2019, consistently ranked Armenia better than all its neighboring countries (with one exception in 2011). Although still classified as "hybrid regime", Armenia recorded the strongest improvement among European countries and reached its ever-best score since calculation began in 2006. [242], The government of Armenia budgets about $2.8million annually for sports and gives it to the National Committee of Physical Education and Sports, the body that determines which programs should benefit from the funds. According to the histories of both Moses of Chorene and Michael Chamchian, Armenia derives from the name of Aram, a lineal descendant of Hayk. [123], Armenia is a landlocked country in the geopolitical Transcaucasus (South Caucasus) region, that is located in the Southern Caucasus Mountains and their lowlands between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea, and northeast of the Armenian Highlands. The Book of Jubilees 8:21 from The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament. The above map represents Armenia. Conversely, Armenia received a large influx of Armenian refugees from Azerbaijan, thus giving Armenia a more homogeneous character. [152], A former republic of the Soviet Union and an emerging democracy, Armenia was negotiating to become an associate EU partner and had completed negotiations to sign an Association Agreement with a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area with the EU in 2013. The signature is a major step forward in fostering the EU-Eastern Partnership. 2015 - Armenia officially joins the Russian-led Eurasian Customs Union, having decided against signing a EU Association Agreement. [145] One of them stated that the implementation of the protocols did not imply Armenia's official recognition of the existing Turkish-Armenian border established by the Treaty of Kars. An Armenian principality and later a kingdom Cilician Armenia was located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea between the 11th and 14th centuries. It covers 29,743 squared kilometres and has a population of 2,951,745 inhabitants. The predominant religion in Armenia is Christianity. Soon, life in Armenia's SSR began to see rapid improvement. It is also worth noting that it is very difficult to get reliable crime rates for some cities and from some countries. Closing On Landlocked Countries In Europe. [42][43] Among them, Portugal is the easiest country to get citizenship within 5 years. Armenian border guards are in charge of patrolling the country's borders with Georgia and Azerbaijan, while Russian troops continue to monitor its borders with Iran and Turkey. Archaeological surveys in 2010 and 2011 at the Areni-1 cave complex have resulted in the discovery of the world's earliest known leather shoe,[45] skirt,[46] and wine-producing facility. "Compared to last year, our trade with the EU has grown by 24.6% in the first eight months of 2022. To avoid the confusion, others say the nation is in Eurasia. In medieval times, the University of Gladzor and University of Tatev took an important role for whole Armenia. Mkhitaryan has been one of the most successful Armenian footballers in recent years, playing for international clubs such as Borussia Dortmund, Manchester United, Arsenal and currently for A.S. [68], After the Sasanian period (428636), Armenia emerged as Arminiya, an autonomous principality under the Umayyad Caliphate, reuniting Armenian lands previously taken by the Byzantine Empire as well. Belgians comprise 2.2% of the total EU population. Cementing her self-appointed role as global crisis ambulance chaser, House Speaker Nancy Pelosi on Sunday dispatched herself to Armenia, where she condemned Azerbaijan for what she called . [citation needed] At the time, Russian-controlled Eastern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan attempted to bond together in the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. In 1967, a memorial to the victims of the Armenian genocide was built at the Tsitsernakaberd hill above the Hrazdan gorge in Yerevan. The Orbelian Dynasty shared control with the Zakarids in various parts of the country, especially in Syunik and Vayots Dzor, while the House of Hasan-Jalalyan controlled provinces of Artsakh and Utik as the Kingdom of Artsakh. Armenia (/rmini/ (listen)),[13] [a] officially the Republic of Armenia,[b] is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of Western Asia. The first Armenian state of Urartu was established in 860 BC, and by the 6th century BC it was replaced by the Satrapy of Armenia. Life Expectancy at birth, years (2018) 75.2. This law is expected to play a key role in shaping the Armenian innovation system. [101] The Armenians of Karabakh demanded unification with Soviet Armenia. Armenia's long history as a crossroads of the ancient world has resulted in a landscape with innumerable fascinating archaeological sites to explore. 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