Peak LH responses correlate with LH peak concentrations. On the basis of a large sample size, we received a more convincing result. A central fat distribution did not strengthen the association between childhood weight groups and pubertal timing. Fourth, both case-control and cohort studies were included in our study, case-control studies may appear reverse causality. A larger number of studies have examined the relationship between adiposity and puberty in girls than in boys and the evidence that obesity leads to an earlier timing of puberty is more . To look for dose-dependent patterns, we also included childhood BMI as restricted cubic splines with three knots at 14, 16 and 18kg/m2. the association between obesity and early puberty onset in girls led to the frisch hypothesis, which suggested that menarche occurs once girls reach a specific weight (originally defined as 48 kg).11 the frisch hypothesis has been widely investigated, and is now not considered to be very plausible. For the sibling-matched study, 1700 brothers and sisters were included among 86820 live-born singletons from the DNBC. He F, Guan P, Liu Q, Crabtree D, Peng L, Wang H. The relationship between obesity and body compositions with respect to the timing of puberty in Chongqing adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Parent AS, Teilmann G, Juul A, Skakkebaek NE, Toppari J, Bourguignon JP.. In addition, the overweight white boys tended to finish puberty earlier, at an average age of 14.5 years old rather than the average of 15.2 years old found in normal weight boys. Overweight/obesity in childhood is a global public health problem that is prevalent in both developing and developed countries (1, 2). Sensitivity analysis were performed by repeating the meta-analysis after the exclusion of each included study; results showed that exclusion of any single study did not materially alter the risk estimate of early puberty in boys (ORs ranged between 1.09 and 1.47; see Table 5). And puberty may be starting earlier in boys as well. Two reviewers independently extracted and evaluated the data for each included article using a self-designed data abstraction form. Burden of Early Life Obesity and Its Relationship with Protein Intake in Infancy: The Middle East Expert Consensus. Learn more Publication types Comparative Study MeSH terms Adolescent Gonadotropins / deficiency Humans Male Obesity / complications Obesity / physiopathology Freedman DS, Khan LK, Serdula MK, Dietz WH, Srinivasan SR, Berenson GS. A few studies found puberty is delayed in obese males - possibly because of excess estrogen in the body. "Prevention of obesity would prevent a slight delay in timing of puberty," Kaplowitz says. Epub 2017 Feb 9. Her lab has been studying the role of metabolism in reproduction, looking for clues within the brain to help explain the effects of metabolic signals in pubertal onset and fertility. Examination of US puberty-timing data from 1940 to 1994 for secular trends: panel findings, Lessons from large population studies on timing and tempo of puberty (secular trends and relation to body size): the European trend. 1 Some males mature faster than their peers, and some physical changes may be more gradual than others. Selected characteristic of 7 cohort studies of childhood overweight/obesity and early puberty. Bone mineral density and body composition in normal weight, overweight and obese children. Objectives Obesity is reported to be closely relevant to early sexual development but the relationship between sexual precocity and obesity or central obesity is still inconsistent, especially in boys. For 100 years, the Endocrine Society has been at the forefront of hormone science and public health. Check the full list of possible causes and conditions now! Its possible that leptin is speeding up the development of these structures in the base of the brain.. The NOS was composed of eight items. We will refer to the analysis of these children as the cohort analysis. The ePub format is best viewed in the iBooks reader. De Leonibus C, Marcovecchio ML, Chiarelli F. Pediatr Rep. 2012 Dec 6;4(4):e35. Compared with children who did not participate in the cohort analysis, children who participated (n=11046, 49%) were more likely to have normal weight and non-smoking mothers with higher education, to be of normal weight themselves and to eat vegetables, whereas other dietary factors, physical activity and sedentary behaviour were similar (data not shown). An American Cancer Society study of 404,576 men demonstrated the link: being overweight increases a man's risk by 8%, being obese boosts risk by 20%, and being severely obese increases risk by 34%. Moreover, obese children had higher levels of leptin than lean children, which may have contributed to their earlier puberty (35). Therefore, the objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis regarding the association between childhood overweight/obesity and risk of early puberty in both girls and boys. Of these children with information on childhood BMI, 11046 children also provided information on pubertal development (participation rate: 49% of those invited to the Puberty Cohort) (Figure1). Mothers were recruited by their general practitioners during early gestation, from 1996 through 2002. We found that higher childhood BMI was consistently associated with younger age at attaining all the pubertal milestones in boys in a dose-dependent manner even after thorough confounder adjustment. Growth of testicles and scrotal sac. 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China, 2Department of Plastic Surgery of Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 3Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, China, 4NHC Key Laboratory for Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Hunan, Changsha, China. Endocrinologists are at the core of solving the most pressing health problems of our time, from diabetes and obesity to infertility, bone health, and hormone-related cancers. Lee JM, Kaciroti N, Appugliese D, Corwyn RF, Bradley RH, Lumeng JC. On the other hand, in boys, few research reported an association between obesity and pubertal development, and the results are inconsistent; Some studies found a link between obesity and. The Danish National Birth Cohort was established with a significant grant from the Danish National Research Foundation. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, 5 As the puberty information was provided half-yearly, the pubertal milestones were right-, left- or interval-censored. In addition, a significantly higher elevation in the risk of early puberty related to childhood overweight/obesity was found in studies with none of the confounders controlled (OR: 4.87, 95% CI: 2.0811.39; p = 0.001) when compared with studies that had one or more confounders controlled (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.151.65; p < 0.001). In the cohort analysis, we estimated the adjusted mean age difference in attaining each of the pubertal milestones for childhood overweight and obesity with normal weight as reference. For girls, puberty can begin as early as eight years old, with most instances of early puberty linked to childhood obesity. Identification of adipokine clusters related to parameters of fat mass, insulin sensitivity and inflammation. Childhood was defined internationally as the age range of 018 years. A total of 586 cases with early puberty in 12,796 boys in childhood were identified. Accessibility This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation Program of China (Grant Nos. Similar results were found among boys. Published. 10 to 13 1/2. However, case-control studies divided subjects into groups according to whether they suffered from a specific disease or not, and analyzed the association between exposure and outcome through retrospective collection of exposure to a specific factor in the past in each group. Our study is the first time to conduct a meta-analysis of the relationship between childhood overweight/obesity and early puberty in boys, although the association is possible. Overweight boys tend to start puberty at a later age than their less-heavy peers, according to one of the first studies to chart the effects of childhood obesity on male sexual development.. According to the WHO, approximately 1.6 billion adults were classed as being overweight . Childhood overweight and obesity were associated with earlier pubertal timing even after adjustment for unobserved time-stable confounders shared within families. Childhood overweight (85th BMI<95th percentile) and obesity (BMI95th percentile) were associated with earlier age attaining the pubertal milestones in a dose-dependent manner in boys and girls. However, this prepubertal advantage in growth tends to gradually decrease during puberty, when obese children show a reduced growth spurt compared with lean subjects. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Subgroup analyses for the association between childhood overweight/obesity and early puberty in boys. For girls, puberty can begin as early as eight years old, with most instances of early puberty linked to childhood obesity. Her next goal is to further analyze the blood brain barrier and its connection to neuronal plasticity. Received 2021 Oct 27; Accepted 2022 May 6. Meanwhile, we also analyzed the association between childhood overweight/obese and puberty in boys. Among these singletons were 888 brothers and 812 sisters (Figure1). DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101563. MORE FROM THE LAB: Subscribe to our weekly newsletter. Follow-up of mothers and children has been supported by: the Danish Medical Research Council [SSVF 0646, 27108-0839/06066023, O602-01042B, 0602-02738B]; the Lundbeck Foundation [195/04, R100-A9193];tTheInnovation Fund Denmark [0603-00294B (09067124)];the Nordea Foundation [022013-2014]; Aarhus Ideas [AU R9-A959-13-S804]; University of Copenhagen Strategic Grant [IFSV 2012]; and the Danish Council for Independent Research [DFF 418300594 and DFF 418300152]. Since the 1970s, the percentage of U.S. children affected by early puberty and obesity has continued to grow at an alarming rate. Secondly, case-control studies are prone to recall bias. Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the Pediatric Research in Office Settings network. What we think this means is that brain development is not completed and that puberty starts only when the entire neuropil, including blood vessels and components of the extracellular space, is ready, says Elias. Association of adiposity genetic variants with menarche timing in 92,105 women of European descent. Previous studies found that girls with obesity start puberty and experience their first menstrual period earlier than girls with normal weight. Most longitudinal studies have linked higher childhood BMI in boys with earlier age at onset of the growth spurt and peak height velocity,3033 whereas results for Tanner stages and testicular volume have been conflicting.2628 A higher childhood BMI has also been linked to earlier age at voice break in Danish choir boys.5 These findings have led most reviews to conclude that an association is not well established in boys.14,15,1921,61 We believe this study moderates this conclusion. The ORs for the association reported by included studies ranged from 1.04 to 2.15. la=en (6 April 2020, date last accessed). The US obesity prevalence was 41.9% in 2017 - March 2020. The growth spurt in boys is the peak of growth during adolescence. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Sandhu J, Ben-Shlomo Y, Cole TJ, Holly J, Davey Smith G.. Overweight white boys began the first stage of puberty at an average age of 9.3 years old, versus beginning at 10 years old in boys of normal weight. Compared to boys with healthy weights, boys with obesity had a 2.7 times higher risk of early-onset puberty. In this study, we estimate the association between childhood body mass index (BMI) and timing of puberty, using a cohort design and a sibling-matched design. When stratified by definition of early puberty, positive associations between childhood overweight/obesity and early puberty were still found in studies defined early puberty by age of breast stage II stage (OR: 6.10, 95% CI: 2.1817.08), age of each Tanner stage (OR: 5.4, 95% CI: 3.3010.70), age of menarche (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.035.04), PDS score >x + s (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.562.99), and three criteria in the study (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.071.30). The cause of precocious puberty often can't be found. During the same time, the prevalence of severe obesity increased from 4.7% to 9.2%. Corresponding author. The Society has more than 18,000 members, including scientists, physicians, educators, nurses, and students in 122 countries. government site. A final median score of 6 was regarded as high quality. 12, 96 higher skin fold thickness and body fat official website and that any information you provide is encrypted And puberty may be starting earlier in boys as well. The first phase involves height increases from 20 to 25 percent. Assessing causality between childhood adiposity and early puberty: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization and longitudinal study. Begg's test did not show a potential publication bias (z = 0.49, p = 0.624). Associations between overweight-obesity and puberty timing in children with different genders in China, The interaction role of obesity and pubertal timing on the psychosocial adjustment of adolescent girls: longitudinal data. By giving leptin to mice lacking it, the researchers were able to control when puberty starts. 2017;88(1):101-110. doi: 10.1159/000455968. meta-analysis, childhood, early puberty, puberty time, overweight, obesity, Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 19992010, Empirical changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Chinese students from 1985 to 2010 and corresponding preventive strategies, Prevalence and trends in obesity among China's children and adolescents, 19852010, Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 20112012, Bmi in childhood and its association with height gain, timing of puberty, and final height. Linked to childhood obesity and the risk of hyperandrogenism contributed to their earlier puberty ( 1517 ) accessed ) Network! In design and three were case-control you provide is encrypted and transmitted.. 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